The directory tree information should be also stored on storage device and this part is called root file system (the "/" directory). Linux uses directory tree to manage directories and files. Read More About Linux Directory Structure Some file system APIs may also include interfaces for maintenance operations, such as creating or initializing a file system, verifying the file system for integrity, and defragmentation. Then, the layout of a disk with partitions will be as shown in the following picture:Īs for the last part: file system API, it is an application programming interface through which a utility or user program requests services of a file system. Then, the remaining space is used to store data in the form of files and directories. This part is called different names in different file systems, for example, it is called FAT table in FAT file system, called MFT table in NTFS file system, etc. In a file system partition, part of the storage space is used to store the logical structure information of the file system. Then, you need to add file systems to these partitions by formatting. When you create partitions on a storage device, the information about these partitions is stored in Partition Table that is located on the first sector of disk (MBR sector). To explain this problem, I must mention partitions, which are used to manage the storage space of storage device better. The problem is how to save the information about those data logical structure forms to external storage. There are only strings of specific binary digits. When you store data on storage devices, there is no file, directory/folder, or directory tree. Now, let's talk about the physical storage of data. Different data management logical structure schemes result in different file systems.Ī file system consists of the following three parts: file system API, logical part (data + information about data management structure), and the physical storage of data.įile system's logical part has been explained in the above part. Information related to the data management logical structure + data = file system's logical part. The data management scheme is shown as follows:Īccording the above scheme, the logical structure form of data management is "file + directory + directory tree", which is also the data management structure form that most current file systems use (In Windows, directory is called folder). To put it clearly: A file system is a data management scheme design. ![]() ![]() Each group of data is called a "file", while the structure and logic rules used to manage the groups of data and their names are called "file system." In this way, the data is easily isolated and identified. Without a file system, data placed in a storage medium would be one large body of data with no way to tell where one piece of data stops and the next begins.įile system can separate the data into pieces and give each piece a name. How to Create an Ext2/3/4 Partition in Windows SystemĪccording to Wikipedia, a file system is used to control how data is stored and retrieved.In this post, MiniTool Partition Wizard will explain what Linux file system is clearly to you. Do you want to know what Linux file system? If you are a beginner of Linux system, especially if you used to be a Windows user, Linux file system may be confusing to you.
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